Ecosystem Model Investigation
Life Science Activity

Build a Model of an Ecosystem

Time Required 30–40 minutes
Scientific Focus Biotic & abiotic interactions, energy flow

Your Challenge

Design and construct an energy model of a Missouri ecosystem. Once your model is stable, predict how an environmental disturbance cascades through the food web.

Materials needed: Blank paper, colored pencils, and sticky notes.

Investigation Steps

  1. Select a Missouri Biome: Prairie, deciduous forest, Ozark stream, or wetland pond.
  2. Diagram the Energy Flow: Include at least 6 organisms across trophic levels (producers, primary/secondary consumers, and decomposers). Direct arrows toward where energy is transferred (e.g., Prey → Predator).
  3. Introduce an Ecological Disturbance: Choose a multi-year drought, an insect population crash, or the arrival of an invasive apex predator.
  4. Trace the Trophic Cascade: Mark which populations increase, decline, or relocate, noting the direct and indirect causes.
  5. Synthesize & Share: Deliver a 60-second summary explaining how feedback loops in your ecosystem adapted to the shock.

Model Planning Sheet

Check Your Understanding

How does your model demonstrate that energy flow is one-way while nutrients cycle indefinitely? Can a localized change ever affect an organism two trophic steps away?